E ISSN
SOCIAL MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY IN THE DIGITAL ERA: “DESAK ANIES” CAPTURING THE HEARTS OF YOUNG PEOPLE’S PARTICIPATION IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Abstract
This research aims to analyse the ‘Desak Anies’ political campaign strategy run by Anies Baswedan in the 2024 Indonesian General Election, focusing on the use of social media and direct interaction to increase young voter engagement. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection was conducted through analysis of mass media sources, literature reviews, and interactions on Twitter social media, which were then processed using Nvivo 12 Plus software. The data analysis technique in this study uses an interactive model technique developed by Miles, Huberman, & Saldaña which consists of three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. This research applies four main theories namely Democracy Theory, Political Communication, Social Media, and Political Participation to examine the impact of the campaign on political participation and public communication. The results show that ‘Desak Anies’ succeeded in creating active participation and open dialogue among young voters, but also revealed the limitations of social media in presenting political issues in depth and the risk of polarising opinions. The article also highlights the challenges of using social media in simplifying complex political issues and the risks of polarising opinions. Through this exploration, this article provides insights into the potential and limitations of social media as a tool for political mobilisation in the digital age.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aurylaite, I. (2017). The empowerment of local government to involve the citizens into political decision-making process to use the social network “facebook.” Public Policy and Administration, 16(1), 68–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.16.1.18014
Ayodele, O. T., Olonade, O. Y., Adeyeye, A., & Folorunso, G. I. (2022). Social Media, Public Participation and Legislations in Nigeria: A Review. African Renaissance, 2022, 331–350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31920/2516-5305/2022/SIn1a16
Budiyono, M. (2016). Media Sosial Dan Komunikasi Politik: Media Sosial Sebagai Komunikasi Politik Menjelang Pilkada Dki Jakarta 2017. Jurnal Komunikasi, 11(1), 47–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/komunikasi.vol11.iss1.art4
de Oliveira, J. C. M. (2022). When do Elections and Voting Challenge Us? Reflections from the Late Roman Republic. Revista Brasileira de Historia, 42(90), 53–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93472022v42n90-05
Djuyandi, Y., & Darmawan, W. B. (2023). Democracy and local political participation in Sumedang, Indonesia. Journal of Public Affairs, 23(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2726
Farkas, J., & Schwartz, S. A. (2018). Please like, comment and share our campaign!: How social media managers for danish political parties perceive user-generated content. Nordicom Review, 39(2), 19–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/nor-2018-0008
Fatema, S., Yanbin, L., & Fugui, D. (2022). Social media influence on politicians’ and citizens’ relationship through the moderating effect of political slogans. Frontiers in Communication, 7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.955493
Goodwin, A., Joseff, K., Riedl, M. J., Lukito, J., & Woolley, S. (2023). Political Relational Influencers: The Mobilization of Social Media Influencers in the Political Arena. International Journal of Communication, 17, 1613–1633. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85161271279&partnerID=40&md5=817f1635485a8b05011bdd401256ffff
Haman, M. (2023). Political communication on social media in Latin America: unequal use of Twitter by members of parliament. Profesional de la Informacion, 32(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.may.16
Haßler, J., Magin, M., & Russmann, U. (2023). Why We Should Distinguish Between Mobilization and Participation When Investigating Social Media. Media and Communication, 11(3), 124–128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i3.7285
Hoffmann, C. P., & Lutz, C. (2023). The contextual role of privacy concerns in online political participation. European Journal of Communication, 38(4), 363–379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231221139040
Kekkonen, A., & Beliatskaya, I. (2023). Tackling the sustainability crisis through digital collective intelligence: the principles of doughnut economics in smart cities. In C. D.D. (Ed.), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (pp. 261–269). Association for Computing Machinery. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598498
Kim, D. H., & Ellison, N. B. (2022). From observation on social media to offline political participation: The social media affordances approach. New Media and Society, 24(12), 2614–2634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444821998346
Koylu, C. (2019). Modeling and visualizing semantic and spatio-temporal evolution of topics in interpersonal communication on Twitter. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 33(4), 805–832. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2018.1458987
Kumar, S., Kumar, M., & Singh, S. R. (2023). Language-Independent Fake News Detection over Social Media Networks Using the Centrality-Aware Graph Convolution Network. In G. D., G. D., P. S., K. S., S. P.S., & S. J.K. (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems: Vol. 697 LNNS (pp. 89–97). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3080-7_7
Kuznetsova, D. (2023). Broadcasting Messages via Telegram: Pro-Government Social Media Control During the 2020 Protests in Belarus and 2022 Anti-War Protests in Russia. Political Communication. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2023.2233444
Lee, P. S. N., So, C. Y. K., Lee, F., Leung, L., & Chan, M. (2018). Social media and political partisanship – A subaltern public sphere’s role in democracy. Telematics and Informatics, 35(7), 1949–1957. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.06.007
Liçenji, L. (2023). The Role of Social Media on Electoral Strategy: An Examination of the 2023 Municipal Elections in Tirana, Albania. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 12(6), 238–250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2023-0166
Magdaci, O., Matalon, Y., & Yamin, D. (2022). Modeling the debate dynamics of political communication in social media networks. Expert Systems with Applications, 206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117782
Maravilla, G. A. R., & Grayman, J. H. (2020). Understanding participatory budgeting through formal and informal processes of inclusion: a case study in the Philippines. Development in Practice, 30(4), 448–458. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2020.1721435
Onyechi, N. J. (2018). Taking Their Destiny in Their Hands: Social Media, Youth Participation and the 2015 Political Campaigns in Nigeria. African Journalism Studies, 39(1), 69–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2018.1434998
Ozkaramanli, D., Karahanoğlu, A., & Verbeek, P. P. C. C. (2022). Reflecting on Design Methods and Democratic Technology Development: The Case of Dutch Covid-19 Digital Contact-Tracing Application. She Ji, 8(2), 244–269. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2022.04.002
Quero, C. H. (2021). Politics in its context. Reflections on a new cultural approach to politics (c. early 20th century). Historia Contemporanea, 66, 595–626. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1387/hc.21229
Rodríguez-Pérez, C., & García-Vargas, G. R. (2021). Understanding which factors promote exposure to online disinformation. In Politics of Disinformation (pp. 173–186). wiley. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119743347.ch13
Sai, K. J., Chakravarthi, S. S., Sountharrajan, S., & Suganya, E. (2023). Ensemble Learning Solution for the Aspect-based Sentimental Analysis on IMDB reviews. WiSPNET 2023 - International Conference on Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/WiSPNET57748.2023.10134144
Saud, M., Ida, R., Mashud, M., Yousaf, F. N., & Ashfaq, A. (2023). Cultural dynamics of digital space: Democracy, civic engagement and youth participation in virtual spheres. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2023.101904
Scherman, A., & Rivera, S. (2021). Social Media Use and Pathways to Protest Participation: Evidence From the 2019 Chilean Social Outburst. Social Media and Society, 7(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051211059704
Seböck, W., Biron, B., & Lampoltshammer, T. J. (2023). Barriers to the Introduction of Artificial Intelligence to Support Communication Experts in Media and the Public Sector to Combat Fake News and Misinformation. In E. N., N. A.-S., D. L., P. P., & S. I. (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics): Vol. 14153 LNCS (pp. 67–81). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41617-0_5
Suter, V., Meckel, M., Shahrezaye, M., & Steinacker, L. (2022). AI Suffrage: A four-country survey on the acceptance of an automated voting system. In B. T.X. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (Vols. 2022-Janua, pp. 2311–2323). IEEE Computer Society. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85152224512&partnerID=40&md5=33e230f1deeb8a21db97b9d25d7d7570
Tapsell, R. (2023). Social Media and Malaysia’s 2022 Election: The Growth and Impact of Video Campaigning. Pacific Affairs, 96(2), 303–322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5509/2023962303
Taylor, S. J., Muchnik, L., Kumar, M., & Aral, S. (2023). Identity effects in social media. Nature Human Behaviour, 7(1), 27–37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-022-01459-8
van der Goot, E., Kruikemeier, S., de Ridder, J., & Vliegenthart, R. (2024). Online and Offline Battles: Usage of Different Political Conflict Frames. International Journal of Press/Politics, 29(1), 26–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/19401612221096633
Williams, J., Heiser, R., & Chinn, S. J. (2012). Social media posters and lurkers: The impact on team identification and game attendance in minor league baseball. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 13(4), 295–310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/dddmp.2011.44
Yaakub, M. T., Kamil, N. L. M., & Nordin, W. N. A. W. M. (2023). Youth and Political Participation: What Factors Influence Them? Institutions and Economies, 15(2), 87–114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/IJIE.vol15no2.4
Zhang, Y., Chen, F., & Rohe, K. (2022). Social Media Public Opinion as Flocks in a Murmuration: Conceptualizing and Measuring Opinion Expression on Social Media. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 27(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmab021
Zinnatullin, A. (2023). Navalny’s direct-casting: Affective attunement and polarization in the online community of the most vocal Russian opposition politician. First Monday, 28(10). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v28i10.12882
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jwp.v10i1.52362
Copyright (c) 2025 Teguh Satria, Dian Eka Rahmawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
JWP (Jurnal Wacana Politik) Indexed By:
21.png)
Published By:
Departement of Political Science
Campus of Faculty of Social and Political Science
Universitas Padjajaran, Building D, 2nd floor
Jl. Raya Sumedang Km.21, Jatinangor, Sumedang
Creation is distributed below Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional.