Analisa Penyebab Kegagalan Pengelasan Logam Stainless Steel (SA 213T2) dengan (SS 304 H).
Abstract
Pengelasan dua metal yang berbeda yaitu tabung pipa SS 213 T22 dan tabung pipa SA 304 H dilas dengan menggunakan bahan lasan (filler), dimana bahan ini diperoleh sudah dalam keadaan terlepas seperti pada gambar 1. Berdasarkan hasil uji kekerasan metal SS 213 T22 adalah 214,8667 HB (menurut literatur 163 HB), hasil uji kekerasan metal SA 304 H adalah 174,9333 HB (menurut literatur 92 HB) maka dari hasil uji kekerasan ternyata makin keras. Hasil uji komposisi diperoleh untuk metal SS 213 T22 dan metal SA 304 H seperti pada tabel 5, sedangkan menurut literatur metal SS 213 T22 seperti pada tabel 6 dan metal SA 304 H seperti pada tabel 7. Hasil uji mikrostruktur metal SS 213 T22 seperti pada gambar 7 dan metal SS 304 H seperti pada gambar 9 bahwa pada kedua metal tersebut terjadi peristiwa korosi retak tegangan transgranular dan intergranular. Karena kekerasan semakin keras dan terjadi peristiwa korosi retak tegangan, maka metal SA 304 H terlepas dari lasan (filler) karena metalnya semakin getas dan terjadi korosi retak tegangan transgranular dan intergranular.
Kata kunci : Pipa boiler, Prose pemanasan, Korosi retak tegangan.
Full Text:
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Haikal-Triyono,”Studi literature pengaruh parameter pengelasan terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik pad alas titik (Resistance spot welding)”, ROTARI, Vol. 15, No. 2, April 2013: 44−54.
Hong Ma - Guoliang Qin - Peihao Geng - Fei Li - Banglong Fu - Xiangmeng Meng, ” Microstructure characterization and properties of carbon steel to stainless steel dissimilar metal joint made by friction welding”, Material & Design, volume 86, 5 december 2015, pages 587-597.
Husaini-Mirza-Masri Ali-M. Nizar Mahmud; “Analisis Kegagalan Daerah Lasan Pipa Stainless Steel Sebagai Media Reboiler Pabrik Pupuk” Proceeding Seminar Nasional Tahunan Teknik Mesin XIII (SNTTM XIII), Depok 15 – 16 Oktober 2014.
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Hong Ma-Guoliang Qin-Peihao Geng-Fei Li-Banglong Fu-Xiangmeng Meng, ” Microstructure characterization and properties of carbon steel to stainless steel dissimilar metal joint made by friction welding”, Material & Design, volume 86, 5 december 2015, pages 587-597.
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Fernanda Santos da Luz - Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro - Sergio Neves Monteiro - Verônica Scarpini Candido - Alisson Clay Rios da Silva, Mechanical properties and microstructural characterization of a novel 316L austenitic stainless steel coating on A516 Grade 70 carbon steel weld, Journal of Materials Research and Technology volume 9, january-february 2020, pages 636-640.
Jamasri-M.N.Ilman-R.Soekrisno-Triyono, Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Resistance Spot Welded Dissimilar Metal Welds between Carbon Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel with Different Thickness, Procedia Engineering volume 10, 2011, pages 649-654.
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Saeid Ghorbani – Reza Ghasemi – Reza Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi – Akbar Hojjati-Najafabadi, Effect of post weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of dissimilar stainless steels, Materials Science and Engineering: A volume 688, 14 march 2017, pages 470-479.
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Kusmayadi,Budi Agung K,2008, Analisa Hasil Pengelasan smaw ButtJoint pada Baja Aisi 1020 dengan variasi tebal plat, Jurusan Teknik Material FTI-ITS.
http://www.rsmatco.com/sa-213-t22 (27 oktober 2017).
https://www.beallindustry.com/sheet-and-plate/stainless-steel-sheet-plate/304-304l-304h-stainless-steel-sheet-plate.html.
Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindha, Diktat Material dan Proses STAINLESS STEEL, Teknik Mesin Universitas Udayana 2017.
https://www.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fdocplayer.info%2Fdocs-images%2F67%2F57732453%2Fimages%2F87-0.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fdocplayer.info%2F57732453-Tugas-akhir-tl.html&docid=9BT6WPx4QKmznM&tbnid=_0u-jNwM2e1FJM%3A&vet=10ahUKEwjVmdLhsvrlAhWDknAKHXhwCxEQMwhQKA0wDQ..i&w=760&h=570&safe=strict&bih=665&biw=1366&q=metalografi%20logam%20pipa%20stainless%20steel%20SA-213-T2&ved=0ahUKEwjVmdLhsvrlAhWDknAKHXhwCxEQMwhQKA0wDQ&iact=mrc&uact=8
Dony Perdana, “Pengaruh variasi temperature pada proses perlakuan panas baja AISI 304 laju korosi”, Teknika : Engineering and Sains Journal, Volume 1, Nomor 1, Juni 2017, 67-72 ISSN 2580-4146 print, ISSN 2579-5422 online.
Bambang Teguh Baroto-Petrus Heru Sudargo, “Pengaruh arus listrik dan filler pengelasan logam berbeda baja karbon rendah (ST 37) dengan baja karbon tahan karat (AISI 316L) terhadap sifat mekanis dan struktur mikro”, Prosiding SNATIF Ke-4 Tahun 2017 ISBN: 978-602-1180-50-1.
Haikal-Triyono,”Studi literature pengaruh parameter pengelasan terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik pad alas titik (Resistance spot welding)”, ROTARI, Vol. 15, No. 2, April 2013: 44−54.
Hong Ma - Guoliang Qin - Peihao Geng - Fei Li - Banglong Fu - Xiangmeng Meng, ” Microstructure characterization and properties of carbon steel to stainless steel dissimilar metal joint made by friction welding”, Material & Design, volume 86, 5 december 2015, pages 587-597.
Husaini-Mirza-Masri Ali-M. Nizar Mahmud; “Analisis Kegagalan Daerah Lasan Pipa Stainless Steel Sebagai Media Reboiler Pabrik Pupuk” Proceeding Seminar Nasional Tahunan Teknik Mesin XIII (SNTTM XIII), Depok 15 – 16 Oktober 2014.
Meilinda Nurbanasari-Djoko Hadiprayitno-Yulius Erwin Tandiayu, “Pengaruh Parameter Post Weld Heat Treatment terhadap Sifat Mekanik Lasan Dissimilar Metal AISI 1045 dan AISI 304, ”,Proceeding Seminar Inovasi Teknologi dan Rekayasa Industri 2014, Universitas Andalas, Padang 26 Agustus 2014.
Mochamad Arif Irfai, “Analisa Variasi arus listrik lasan mig terhadap kekuatan impak dan struktur mikro sambungan lasan baja tahan karat AISI 304”, Otopro Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Fakuktas Teknik Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Vol. 10. No. 2. Mei 2015, ISSN. 1858-411X.
Nendi Suhendi Syafei, Darmawan Hidayat, Dessy Novita, Bernard Y Tumbelaka,“Pengujian Kekerasan dan Uji Tarik Untuk Menentukan Koefisien Pengerasan n Suatu Bahan API 5L-X65”, Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah XXXI HFI Jateng & DIY, Yogyakarta 18 Maret 2017 ISSN : 0853-0823.
Petrus Heru Sudargo-Triyono-Kuncoro Diharjo, “Pengarug filler dan arus listrik terhadap sifat mekanik sambungan GMAW logam tak sejenis antara baja karbon dan J4”, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi ke-2 Tahun 2011 Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang.
Petrus Heru Sudargo-Bambang Teguh Baroto, “Pengaruh filler dan arus listrik pengelasan logam tak sejenis baja (AISI 1045) dengan baja tahan karat (AISI 316L) terhadap sifat mekanis dan struktur mikro”, Prosiding SNST ke-8 Tahun 2017 Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang.
Priyo Tri Iswanto-Mudjijana-Rela Adi Himarosa,“Karakterisasi Sambungan SWAM baja karbon rendah menggunakan 3 kenis elektroda”,JMPM: Jurnal Materi al dan Proses Manufaktur - Vol.1, No.2, 103 - 109, Desember 2017.
Sri Nugroho-Wiko Sudiarso, “ Pengaruh PWHT dan Preheat pada Kualitas Pengelasan Dissimilar Metal antara Baja Karbon (A-106) dan Baja Tahan Karat (A312 TP-304H) dengan Filler Metal Inconel 82”,ROTASI Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Vol. 14, No. 1, Januari 2012: 16−20.
T.E.Abioye - O.E.Ariwoola - T.I.Ogedengbe - P.K.Farayibi - O.O.Gbadeyan, Effects of Welding Speed on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Dissimilar Gas Metal Arc Weld Joints of AISI 304 Stainless Steel and Low Carbon Steel, Materialstoday : Proceedings Volume 17, part 3, 2019, pages 871-877.
RakeshChaudhari - AshaIngle - KanakKalita, Stress Analysis of Dissimilar Metal Weld between Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel formed by Transition Grading Technique, Materialstoday : Proceedings volume 2, issue 4-5, 2015, pages 1657-1664.
Hong Ma-Guoliang Qin-Peihao Geng-Fei Li-Banglong Fu-Xiangmeng Meng, ” Microstructure characterization and properties of carbon steel to stainless steel dissimilar metal joint made by friction welding”, Material & Design, volume 86, 5 december 2015, pages 587-597.
Hongduo Wang - Kuaishe Wang - Wen Wang – Liying Huang – Pai Peng – Hailiang Yu, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welded type 304 austenitic stainless steel to Q235 low carbon steel”, Materials characterization volume 155, September 2015, 109803.
Fernanda Santos da Luz - Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro - Sergio Neves Monteiro - Verônica Scarpini Candido - Alisson Clay Rios da Silva, Mechanical properties and microstructural characterization of a novel 316L austenitic stainless steel coating on A516 Grade 70 carbon steel weld, Journal of Materials Research and Technology volume 9, january-february 2020, pages 636-640.
Jamasri-M.N.Ilman-R.Soekrisno-Triyono, Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Resistance Spot Welded Dissimilar Metal Welds between Carbon Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel with Different Thickness, Procedia Engineering volume 10, 2011, pages 649-654.
Jeremy Adrian-Nizhamul Latif-Lukman Noerochim-Budi Agung Kurniawan, Analisa Kerusakan Superheater Tube Boiler Tipe ASTM A213 Grade T11 pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap, JURNAL TEKNIK ITS VOL.5, No.2, (2016) ISSN:2337-3539 (2301-9271 Print.
Chang’an Li – Guoliang Qin – Yuansheng Tang – Binggang Zhang – Sanbao Lin – Peihao Geng, Microstructures and mechanical properties of stainless steel clad plate joint with diverse filler metals, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, available online 6 january 2020.
Saeid Ghorbani – Reza Ghasemi – Reza Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi – Akbar Hojjati-Najafabadi, Effect of post weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of dissimilar stainless steels, Materials Science and Engineering: A volume 688, 14 march 2017, pages 470-479.
Chin-Hyung Lee-Kyong-Ho Chang, Temperature fields and residual stress distributions in dissimilar steel butt welds between carbon and stainless steels, Applied Thermal Engineering Volumes 45–46, December 2012, Pages 33-41.
(http://www.indo-makmur.com/blog/blog_detail/komposisi-properti-kelebihan-serta-jenis-stainless-steel-304).
Kusmayadi,Budi Agung K,2008, Analisa Hasil Pengelasan smaw ButtJoint pada Baja Aisi 1020 dengan variasi tebal plat, Jurusan Teknik Material FTI-ITS.
http://www.rsmatco.com/sa-213-t22 (27 oktober 2017).
https://www.beallindustry.com/sheet-and-plate/stainless-steel-sheet-plate/304-304l-304h-stainless-steel-sheet-plate.html.
Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindha, Diktat Material dan Proses STAINLESS STEEL, Teknik Mesin Universitas Udayana 2017.
https://www.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fdocplayer.info%2Fdocs-images%2F67%2F57732453%2Fimages%2F87-0.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fdocplayer.info%2F57732453-Tugas-akhir-tl.html&docid=9BT6WPx4QKmznM&tbnid=_0u-jNwM2e1FJM%3A&vet=10ahUKEwjVmdLhsvrlAhWDknAKHXhwCxEQMwhQKA0wDQ..i&w=760&h=570&safe=strict&bih=665&biw=1366&q=metalografi%20logam%20pipa%20stainless%20steel%20SA-213-T2&ved=0ahUKEwjVmdLhsvrlAhWDknAKHXhwCxEQMwhQKA0wDQ&iact=mrc&uact=8
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jiif.v4i2.27173
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