Prevalensi sindroma Down di wilayah Priangan pada tahun 2015 Prevalence of Down syndrome at the Priangan area in 2015

Sinta Nurwahidah; Willyanti Suwondo; Inne Suherna Sasmita

doi:10.24198/jkg.v29i3.15950

Prevalensi sindroma Down di wilayah Priangan pada tahun 2015
Prevalence of Down syndrome at the Priangan area in 2015

Sinta Nurwahidah, Willyanti Suwondo, Inne Suherna Sasmita

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Sindroma Down adalah kelainan genetik yang disebabkan oleh kelebihan kromosom 21 atau trisomi yang menyebabkan keterbatasan fisik, motorik, serta intelektual, dan sering terjadi dengan insidensi 1:1000 kelahiran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi sindroma Down di Wilayah Priangan pada Tahun 2015. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik survei. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel berdasarkan pendekatan wilayah, dan wilayah yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah wilayah Priangan yang terdiri atas Kota Bandung, Kabupaten Bandung, Bandung Barat, Cimahi, Sumedang, Garut, Tasik, Ciamis, Pangandaran, dan Banjar. Data didapatkan dari data sekunder yang dimiliki Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Barat, RSUD wilayah Priangan, dan Yayasan Persatuan Orang Tua Anak dengan Down Sindrome. Hasil: Sebanyak 459 anak mengalami sindroma Down atau sebanyak 0,07% dari total populasi, terdiri atas 55,89 % berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dan 45,11% perempuan. Simpulan: Prevalensi sindroma Down di wilayah Priangan masih tergolong rendah yaitu 0,07%.

Kata kunci: Kelainan genetik, sindroma Down, trisomi.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an excess of chromosome 21 or trisomy that causes physical, motoric, and intellectual limitations, and often occurs with an incidence of 1:1000 births. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Down syndrome at the Priangan Area in 2015. Methods: This study was a descriptive study with the survey method. The sampling method was the cluster random sampling technique based on geographical approach, and the area population was the Priangan area, consisted of Bandung City, Bandung Regency, West Bandung Regency, Cimahi City, Sumedang Regency, Garut Regency, Tasikmalaya Regency, Ciamis City, Pangandaran Regency, and Banjar Regency. All data were obtained from West Java Provincial Health Office, the Priangan Regional Hospital, and Persatuan Orang Tua Anak dengan Down Sindrome Foundation. Results: As much as 459 children were having Down syndrome (0.07% of total population), comprised of 55.89% of male and 45.11% of female. Conclusion: The prevalence of Down syndrome at the Priangan Area was still low, which was 0.07%.

Keywords: Genetical disorder, Down syndrome, trisomy.

Keywords

Kelainan genetik, sindroma Down, trisomi, genetical disorder, Down syndrome, trisomy.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v29i3.15950