Pengaruh partikel silver ekstrak daun serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus DC) terhadap galur sel rongga mulut hsc-3

Hosea Timothy; Komariah Komariah; Didi Nugroho

doi:10.24198/jkg.v35i1.38341

Pengaruh partikel silver ekstrak daun serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus DC) terhadap galur sel rongga mulut hsc-3

Hosea Timothy, Komariah Komariah, Didi Nugroho

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Kanker rongga mulut menempati urutan ke-12 dari kasus kanker di dunia. Terapi konvensional memiliki efek samping, sehingga banyak penelitian beralih menggunakan terapi bahan alam seperti sintesis partikel silver dengan daun serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus DC) sebagai agen antikanker. Sintesis partikel silver ekstrak daun serai dapur dilakukan untuk mereduksi ion logam serta pembentukan partikel logam sehingga meningkatkan aktivitas antikanker, melalui peningkatan produksi reactive oxygen species (ROS) yang menyebabkan depolarisasi membran mitokondria potensial (MMP), sehingga terjadi disfungsi mitokondria sebagai jalur awal terjadinya apoptosis pada galur sel kanker rongga mulut HSC-3. Tujuan Penelitian menganalisis pengaruh pemberian partikel silver ekstrak etanol daun serai dapur terhadap MMP sel HSC-3. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara mikroskopis dengan pewarnaan fluorescence untuk melihat MMP menggunakan tetraethylbenzimidazolyl-carbocyanine iodide (JC-1) dan 4′,6-diamidino-2phenylindole (DAPI) sebagai couterstain inti sel. Kelompok penelitian terdiri dari kelompok kontrol, kelompok pembanding dan kelompok yang diberikan perlakuan. Hasil pengamatan memperlihatkan sel dalam kondisi baik akan membentuk agregat J yang terflouresensi merah tertinggi, sedangkan sel yang mengalami apoptosis agregat J akan terflouresensi rendah. Hasil: Kelompok kontrol negatif memperlihatkan pembentukan agregat J dengan intensitas flouresensi merah tertinggi, sedangkan kelompok perlakuan partikel silver ekstrak daun serai dapur 100% memperlihatkan intensitas flouresensi merah terendah (p=0,001) dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi 75, 50, 25, dan 12,5% dan juga kelompok pembanding yang hanya diberikan partikel silver dan ekstrak daun serai dapur. Simpulan: Partikel silver ekstrak etanol daun serai dapur 100% efektif dalam menyebabkan depolarisasi MMP pada HSC-3 dengan intensitas floresensi merah yang lebih rendah.

Kata Kunci : ekstrak daun serai, HSC-3, membran mitokondria potensial, partikel silver

Effect of silver particles from lemongrass leaves extract (Cymbopogon citratus DC) on Oral Cell Line HSC-3

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Oral cavity cancer ranks 12^th of the worldwide cancer cases. Conventional therapy has side effects, so that many studies have switched focus to the use of natural therapies such as synthesis of silver particles from lemongrass leaves (Cymbopogon citratus DC) as an anticancer agent. Synthesis of silver particles of C. citratus leaf extract carried out to reduce metal ions and form metal nanoparticles, thereby increasing anticancer activity by increasing ROS production, which causes depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction as an initial pathway of apoptosis in cancer cell lines. HSC-3. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of giving silver nanoparticles from citronella leaves’ ethanol extract on the MMP of HSC-3 cells. Methods: The study was conducted microscopically by fluorescence staining to see MMP using tetraethylbenzimidazolyl-carbocyanine iodide (JC-1) and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) as cell nucleus counterstains. The research group consisted of a control group, a comparison group, and a treatment group. The results showed that cells in good condition would form J-aggregates with the highest red fluorescence, while cells that underwent J-aggregate apoptosis would have the lowest fluorescence. Results: Negative control group showed the formation of J-aggregates with the highest red fluorescence intensity, while the 100% C. citratus leaf ethanol extract silver particle treatment group showed the lowest red fluorescence intensity (p=0.001) compared to the comparison groups that was only given C. citratus leaf ethanol extract silver particle with concentrations of 75,50, 25, and 12.5%. Conclusion: 100% silver particle ethanol C. citatus leaf extract is effective in causing MMP depolarization of HSC-3 cells with lower red fluorescence intensity.

Keywords: lemongrass leaves extract, HSC-3, mitochondrial membrane potential, silver particles

Keywords

ekstrak daun serai; HSC-3, membran mitokondria potensial; nanopartikel silver; lemongrass leaves extract; HSC-3, mitochondrial membrane potential; silver nanoparticles

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v35i1.38341