Modifikasi Pati Umbi Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) dengan Dual Annealing dan Heat Moisture Treatment
Abstract
Umbi gadung adalah komoditas pangan lokal yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pati, namun pati gadung memiliki stabilitas yang rendah sehingga di perlukan modifiikasi untuk memperbaiki sifat fungsional dan stabilitasnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan karakteristik pati gadung termodifikasi dual annealing (ANN), dual heat moisture treatment (HMT), dan kombinasi annealing dan HMT (ANN+HMT) yang memiliki sifat fungsional, amilografi, dan fisikokimia yang lebih baik. Pendekatan pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan modifikasi dual HMT, dual Annealing maupun kombinasi ANN + HMT berpengaruh terhadap sifat fungional dan amilografi pati gadung. Secara keseluruhan, terjadi peningkatan dalam sifat amilografi, termasuk suhu awal gelatinisasi, viskositas pasta panas, viskositas pasta dingin, dan breakdown viscosity pada pati gadung yang telah dimodifikasi. Namun, modifikasi ini juga menyebabkan penurunan kecerahan warna pada pati hasil modifikasi dual HMT dan kombinasi ANN + HMT. Modifikasi dual HMT merupakan perlakuan terbaik yang menunjukkan kestabilan pada suhu tinggi. Perlakuan ini ditandai dengan penurunan viskositas breakdown sebesar 74,22 kali. Selain itu, modifikasi dual HMT ini juga meningkatkan nilai swelling volume sebesar 1,29 kali, dan nilai KPA pada modifikasi dual HMT meningkat sebesar 1,71 kali daripada pati gadung alami. Dengan demikian modifikasi dual HMT efektif memperbaiki sifat fungsional dan stabilitas pati gadung.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jt.vol19n2.3
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